Mustakshif Shariah Board Rulings on

According to Mustakshif Shariah Board, E422 is considered Mushbooh when the source is unknown. If derived from plant oils, it is halal. If it comes from non-halal animal fat, it becomes haram. Since labels rarely mention the exact origin, this creates doubt, making it Mushbooh without certification.

Fatwas concerning the ingredient

Many scholars and halal certifying bodies advise avoiding E422 unless it is confirmed to be from a plant-based or halal-certified source.

Introduction

E422 refers to Glycerol, a common food additive used for moisture retention and as a sweetener. It is also called glycerin or glycerine. Glycerol appears as a clear, odorless, and sweet-tasting liquid. It is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics due to its humectant and stabilising properties.

How is it extracted?

Glycerol can be derived from two main sources: plant oils or animal fats. It is a polyol compound obtained during the production of soap or biodiesel. In plant-based production, oils like palm, soybean, or coconut are used. However, animal-based glycerol comes from the fats of cattle or pigs. The exact source often depends on the manufacturer and region.

The production process involves several key steps. First, hydrolysis of fats and oils is carried out using water or steam, breaking down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids. The resulting crude glycerol is then subjected to purification to eliminate impurities and excess water. Finally, the purified glycerol undergoes vacuum distillation to produce high-purity glycerol, suitable for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Functions of E422

E422 is used in foods to retain moisture, act as a solvent, and add sweetness. It is found in baked goods, candies, soft drinks, and low-fat foods. In medicine, it helps maintain product stability. It is also used in toothpaste and skin care products.

Conclusion

Glycerol (E422) is widely used but may raise halal concerns due to its variable sources. Always look for halal-certified labels to ensure its permissibility.